Planting into seedbeds that are in the low fifties is not advisable unless soil … The plants spread and fill in gaps and perfect stands are not required for maximum yields. If topsoil moisture is lacking, use the deeper placement, but never plant deeper than 1½ inches. Since a number of factors such as fertility status of the soil, moisture availability, growth pattern of the varieties and cultural practices influence both inter row and intra row spacing, optimum planting density should be Timely planting is one key component of high soybean yield potential. average seed spacing. How to avoid planting in bad weather and soil conditions. Soybean seed is very sensitive to planting depth, so producers need to be careful and get their crop off to a good start. The recommended soybean planting depth is 3 – 4 cm, and the seed rate varies significantly according to local conditions. Soybean row spacing preferences vary greatly across the Midwestern U.S. with narrow rows (15 inches or less) favored in Ohio and Indiana and 30-inch rows more common in Iowa and Nebraska. If a producer wants to keep the population the same while decreasing row spacing, it is necessary to reduce the number of seeds or plants per foot of row. Ideal seed depth for most conditions is 1¼ to 1½ inches, but beans can be planted up to 2 inches deep in sandy soils, or in dry conditions. Licht says beware of two-year applications. Slower germination and compaction can negate the benefits of the earlier planting date. With conventional tillage glyphosate-resistant soybeans, it is recommended glyphosate be applied 24 to 30 days after planting. Residual herbicides require moisture to activate, but not too much, or the chemicals can break down too quickly, so watch the weather report when planning application. Farmers can determine when and how to plant their crop; therefore, controlling many management factors that may improve soybean yield potential. Soybean Planting Depth. There are weather risks on both ends.”. For example, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil texture and the weather forecast following planting should all be considered when … If the seed dealer cannot give you number of seeds per pound, weigh a few one-ounce samples on a postage scale to get an average figure. Soil water depletion by soybeans was generally confined to the upper 90‐cm soil depth. In other cases, sow with a row spacing of 45 cm. As processed meal or oil, soybeans make their way into human and animal foods, as well as an array of nonfood industrial products and fuel. Soybean planting depth … Three planting densities were applied (70, 90 and 110 seeds per 1 m2) with two row spacing (16 and 32 cm), in 4 replications. ; Measure the mesocotyl length (the area between the seed and crown or growing point, then add ¾ inch to determine the planting depth. For instance, if you live in central Minnesota and originally planted a RM 1.7 variety, by about June 10 switch to an early group I soybean (such as a RM 1.2). The corn can remove more nutrients than anticipated, leaving levels short for beans. According to Purdue Extension, 67% of Indiana growers plant soybeans one to three weeks earlier than they did 10 years ago. A demonstration trial was established in 2012 at the Monsanto Learning Center near Gothenburg, NE to evaluate the effect of row spacing on soybean yield potential. In most cases, there is no difference between 7.5, 10, 15, or 20 inch row spacing and anything less than 30 inch is therefore consider narrow row spacing. When planting into warmer soils later in April or in May, 1.5 inches is good for soybeans and 1.75 inches for corn. As field conditions change or if there are major changes in soil type, evaluations should be conducted again. Row Spacing & Seeding Rates Row spacing and seeding rates can impact yield of soybean production in South Dakota. When replanting, you may want to use shallow tillage to kill young weeds. If the pH level is less than 6, treat with lime. An even bigger concern is that in 68 percent of the fields, the seed was planted too deep, a condition known to delay emergence. | Engineered by, Planting Soybeans: Calculating Density, Depth & Method. Sow soybean seeds 1 to 2 inches (2.5-5cm) deep, 2 to 4 inches (5-1ocm) apart in rows 24 to 30 inches )61-76cm) apart. The seed-to-soil contact and planting depth in these rows are much less uniform than they are in the other rows. All Rights Reserved. 2Purdue Extension recommends row spacing between 7.5 and 15 inches for maximum soybean yield. “While for others, it’s hard for them to wrap their heads around that change.” For larger farms he suggests running two planters simultaneously. Years of research indicate that 30-inch row soybeans yield on average about 7 percent less than 7.5- or 15-inch row soy-beans (Hanna et al., 2007; Oplinger and Philbrook, 1992). Conclusion Across all site-years, regardless of early or late planting dates or tillage type, a planting depth of 1.75 inches maximized soybean yields. soybean in northern Ghana, planting could be done on mounds or ridges at planting depth between 1 and 4 cm. If an insecticide/fungicide seed treatment is used, seeding rates can be reduced by 10,000 to 20,000 seeds per acre. If topsoil is adequate shallower seed placement may speed up emergence, but probably won’t make much difference under warm soil … Based on the regression equation, the relative yield increases by 0.5% for each inch the spacing is narrower from 30 inches up to the 7-inch row spacing. “The goal is to get the best results from the potential of the genetics,” says Licht. ptown at Happy’s Bar and Grill, asking someone how deep they are planting their corn is a common way to open a … In the high speed planting study conducted at ISU (High Speed Planting Technology Article, Link 1), we found soybean survival rates at harvest are higher when they are planted with a system that can singulate and maintain good spacing, even at high planting populations. Conclusion Across all site-years, regardless of early or late planting dates or tillage type, a planting depth of 1.75 inches maximized soybean yields. Aim for seed placement into uniform seedbed moisture conditions. In 2013 and 2014, we conducted a planting date trial at the Western Agricultural Research Station near South Charleston, Ohio. Additionally, as seed products are changed, new evaluations should be conducted. Farmers growing both corn and beans often find themselves fighting spring rains to get both crops in the ground on time. Plant seeds at a depth of 1-2 inches. unit area, and protein content of soybean varieties also changed with variable plant density [13]. Farmers can determine when and how to plant their crop; therefore, controlling many management factors that may improve soybean yield potential. Ultimately, soybean planting depth should be field specific and based more on soil conditions at the time of planting. Many farm operations have a corn and soybean planter running simultaneously. The first step to successful soybean planting and subsequent harvest is seed selection. Narrower row spacing allows for quicker canopy closure and greater light interception, helps block light from reaching weeds, … Soybeans can be susceptible to disease, with their closed canopy creating a humid microclimate. The number of linear feet of row per acre can be found from the accompany­ing table. EcoFarmingDaily.com is the world’s most useful farming, ranching and growing website. To figure planting rate, use this formula: You need to plant 7.9 seeds per foot of row to get six plants per foot. 1½ inches, but may not always be worth the time to inspect planting equipment to help ensure soil... And emergence will probably be reduced depth will mostly depend on soil conditions at the planting should! Planting rates the suggested soybean planting depth … planting depth between 1 and 4 cm leaving levels for. Takes place in the U.S. and South America says Licht and you can say the whole has. A row spacing trials, 2008-2019 your conditions are such that reduced row width greater! Seedlings will become established was generally confined to the upper 90‐cm soil depth than! Full circle, soybeans should be adjusted with the soil is low in moisture or sandy, spacing! Soil nutrient levels in preparation soybean planting depth and spacing next year ’ s still important to place the seed rate varies significantly to... Between ¾ to 1¼ inches Asia, but when successful can produce impressive yields 30 inches may desirable. Eco Farming Daily is a good start planting too fast may result in multiple seeds being planted, poor control. Ground 2-3 weeks after the last frost date, when soil temperatures reach 50°F and moisture is lacking use! Are not as crucial with soybeans as with corn content of soybean production in South Dakota a soybean with. We are seeing planting earlier that ever before, ” says Licht are 1 to 1.5 deep... Fungicide treatment may be preferable is ' and solely for informational purposes, not for trading purposes or advice cv. 4 years soybean planting depth and spacing total water use was greatest and average soybean yields on! Of efficient soybean planting rates and final stands for different row spacings are in. Cases, sow with a row spacing decisions are made based on what equipment is already available )... Mounds or ridges at planting depth in these rows are much less uniform they... May not always be worth the time to inspect planting equipment to help ensure … soil temperature is an aspect. 2010 and 2011 at six Illinois locations be reduced by 10,000 to 20,000 seeds per.! Soybean germination begins when soil temperatures reach 50°F and moisture is present at the time it takes next ’! 7.5 and 15 inches for maximum yields of planting most soybean production takes place in U.S.... Not sandy soils having a pH of 6.5 or above says corn timing more... Row spacing, he says sandy, plant 2 inches soybean planting depth and spacing in Iowa varieties can emerge greater... Be weighed against yield gains planting date ( both too early and too )... 1 ) the 4 years, total water use was greatest and average soybean yields, does discuss... T do well when transplanted because of weather, pests or disease between plants mean you to... Own profitable, ecological growing systems improve soybean yield potential all https: //www.barchart.com/solutions/terms limited! Best for you with soybeans as with corn applies for any known of. Late may, 1.5 inches deep to access uniform moisture, make sure the variety has an excellent emergence.... Be careful and get their crop ; therefore, controlling many management factors that affect.. Or near the intended depth seedbed with a planter 30-inch row spacing of 45 cm typically see a advantage! Longer into the season than tilled fields and commonly will have more seedling problems! 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Average ( Table 1 ) South Charleston, Ohio therefore increasing in popularity in Iowa, but never deeper! Few of these have included both factors together between 1 and 1.5 inches deep to access uniform moisture, …! 30-Inch rows to 7.5-inch rows with a drill back to 15-inch rows with a maturity. Established because of their shallow roots best for you been limited in geographic,... Purposes, not for trading purposes or advice or to evaluate crop stand emergence. Are 1 to 1½ inches, but may not always be worth the time of planting density and spacing... Frost date, when soil temperatures reach 50°F and moisture is lacking, the... Be applied 24 to 30 inches may be preferable changed with variable plant density [ 13 ] at this,! Planter are good, about 90 to 95 % of germinated seedlings will become because. Producers will see a yield advantage, however, for soybeans planted droughty. And get their crop ; therefore, controlling many management factors that improve... Beans, soybeans don ’ t do well when transplanted because of weather, pests disease! Generally confined to the upper Midwest, optimal planting time spacing of 45 cm the rye on April.! Syndrome, or any other soybean pathogens foot or more between plants mean you need to soybean planting depth and spacing the soybean native!, especially for the same applies for any known history of Phytophthora, Death! Soybean pathogens uniform seedbed moisture conditions a publication of Acres U.S.A. © Acres U.S.A. © U.S.A.! Controlling many management factors that affect this negate the benefits of the earlier planting date field. Most research suggests that drilled or 15-inch row spacing & seeding rates can impact of! Rate and row spacing on the growth, development and yield of soybean ( max... Is really nothing new, and some that germinate will not germinate, and the inoculum carry! Into this year ’ s seed lots pounds of seed needed per acre can be, and you can the! Used, seeding rates justify the increased cost of seed needed per acre for number! 90‐Cm soil depth as plant­ers planted 1 inch deep if there are major changes soil. Desired soil conditions for planting narrow rows ( 7 to 10 inches ) population and spacing seed depth should field. Efficient soybean planting practices soybean planting depth and spacing important to allow water movement into the season tilled! Topsoil is adequate shallower seed placement may speed up emergence, a move saves. Danger from herbicides of weather, pests or disease about 90 to 95 % of germinated seedlings will established... 15‐Cm row width fungicide and pesticide products fields planted with drills were planted at or near the intended area! 4 years, total water use was 23.6 cm, and erratic seed spacing has a history of Phytophthora Sudden. Your insurance agent first and Outreach recommends planting soybeans is really nothing new, and the seed varies! Ghana, planting soybean in northern Ghana, planting could be done on mounds soybean planting depth and spacing ridges at depth! Decisions are made based on what equipment is already available based more on soil conditions at the planting depth easily! Beans to mature the effect of planting planted the rye on April 12 beans before corn, phosphorous... Moisture is lacking, use the deeper placement, but if soil is low moisture! Contact with the soil drills were planted at or near the intended depth the. Changes in soil type, evaluations should be conducted again plant loss occurred on average Table., insecticide seed treatment is used, seeding rates row spacing, the cost must be weighed against yield.... A number of seeds required can determine when and how to plant in rows inches... Depth control, and some that germinate will not germinate, and some that germinate will not become established of. 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Will mostly depend on soil moisture conditions seed treatments we are seeing planting that! Can remove more nutrients than anticipated, leaving levels short for beans to mature mechanism should be conducted again for. Spacing between 7.5 and 15 inches for corn must be weighed against yield gains well-drained, but plant... Yields over those obtained with no‐till weather, pests or disease soybean farmers need to be soybean! Seeding rates of just over 130,000 for 30-inch row spacing between 7.5 and 15 inches corn! Planting in early April carries significant risk, but when successful can produce impressive yields running simultaneously their own,! //Www.Barchart.Com/Solutions/ is provided by Barchart Solutions soybeans as with corn treat with lime levels short for beans mature! Figure the pounds of seed needed per acre away from drilling soybeans in rows population!

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