Fire broke out shortly after in the townships of Napier and Hastings destroying what the earthquake had not. The occurrence of "New Zealand's most destructive single disaster" (Wright, 2001) was to change everything for the city of Napier, from its topography to its architecture and lifestyle (McGregor, 1998). NAPIER AFTER THE 1931 EARTHQUAKE. The HMS Veronica had just tied up in Napier’s inner harbor when the earthquake hit. When the earthquake, measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale, struck at 10.47 a.m., many buildings in central Napier and Hastings collapsed. graphics and images are protected by copyright, unless specifically notified to the contrary. This was exacerbated by summer drought conditions (McGregor, 1998). What is 161? New Zealand disasters timeline – New Zealand disasters timelineHawke's Bay earthquake images – New Zealand disasters timelineHawke's Bay's big shake - roadside stories – New Zealand disasters timelineNational Tobacco Company Building – 100 New Zealand Places, 'Deadly Hawke's Bay earthquake', URL: https://nzhistory.govt.nz/hawkes-bay-earthquake-0, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 5-Oct-2020. January 1933 saw the whole town celebrating its revival with the "New Napier Week Carnival". We mourn the passing of Mr Robinson on Xmas day 2010. Centred 15 km north of Napier, it lasted for two and a half minutes and measured magnitude 7.8 Ms (magnitude 7.9 Mw). Only then could the task of clearing Napier begin in earnest. Built in 1929, the two-storey bungalow that survived the 1931 Napier earthquake was left dangerously close to the edge of a large, muddy bank. Just days before the opening of Tin Town, retired magistrate John S. Barton and retired engineer Lachlan B. Campbell, formerly of the Public Works Department, were appointed Commissioners of Napier with the task of restoring services (Wright, 2001). At 10.47am on 3 February 1931, a violent shock, followed closely by a second, rocked Hawke’s Bay for almost three minutes. On February 3, 1931 the peaceful tranquillity of New Zealand's Hawkes Bay region was shattered when the area was struck by the worst earthquake … The 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, which had a magnitude of about 8, killed more than 250 people and destroyed much of central Napier and Hastings. Although some businesses had already re-established themselves, there was a real concern that hasty reconstruction would result in shoddy buildings and that the urgent clearing of debris might be hindered. When did the eathquake happen and what was the population. Deadly Hawke's Bay earthquake. Initially, women and children were to be sent while the men were expected to stay and help out (Shaw and Hallett, 1987). Externally sourced Image: LEARNZ. Of those who were allotted places, some were less than happy with their positioning. Having been impressed by a coloured fountain in Bournemouth, menswear retailer Tom Parker donated a similar one which was completed in December 1936. When is 3rd February 1931. Able-bodied men were required to stay to help with searches, demolition and clean-up work. The 8.3 magnitude Hawke's Bay Earthquake hits New Zealand on February 3rd at 10:47 AM. In the centre is the temporary hotel building erected on the old site. Erected by the Fletcher Construction Company, and popularly referred to as Tin Town, the extensive corrugated iron complex opened on 16 March 1931. The 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, also known as the Napier earthquake, occurred in New Zealand at 10:47 am on Tuesday 3 February 1931, killing 256 and devastating the Hawke's Bay region.It remains New Zealand's deadliest natural disaster. A tanker at sea felt a violent vibration, and the seamen on board looked to the shore to see Napier covered by a cloud of rising dust. 215 Hastings Street Napier 4110Private Bag 6010 Napier 4142Disclaimers | Copyright | Privacy, Napier City Council - Copyright © 2020 Napier City Council, Disclaimers and Copyright With Napier’s hospitals badly damaged and unusable, medical authorities set up makeshift surgeries at the botanical gardens and Hastings and Napier Park racecourses. Captain Morgan at first thought there had been an explosion on board, but then saw th… One of its most notable features was its overhanging veranda, the first of its kind in the town. Many of the deaths were caused by fallen parapets and ornamental features as people rushed out through the doorways onto the street (McGregor, 1998). Napier's recovery continued with the completion of the first wing of the Hawke's Bay Museum, in 1937, and the opening of the new Municipal Theatre the following year. Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. accurate and up to date, Napier City Council shall not be liable for any loss suffered through the use, directly or indirectly, of information on this website. A member of a well known Newcastle family, Mr. Frank Logan, who for nearly 50 years has been in practice as a solicitor in Napier, N.Z., is among the sufferers by the recent earthquake disaster. The Napier 'quake killed at least 256 people, and the city was largely destroyed first by the tremor and then by fire. Buildings fell down and people were crushed. Magnitudes: M W 7.4 - 7.6, M S 7.8 Casualties: 256 killed, thousands injured Occurring at 10:47 am (NZ Summer Time) on Tuesday, 3 February 1931, the Hawke’s Bay earthquake (also known as the Napier Earthquake) is recorded as having caused the largest loss of life and most extensive damage of any quake in New Zealand’s history. After the earthquake all buildings in Napier were required to have such verandas in order to keep the street kerbs clear of obstructions (Campbell, 1975:149). The first new structure to be built in the CBD was the Market Reserve Building, completed in 1931. These strictly monitored loans were, however, generally too small to meet building costs, let alone the expense of fittings and new stock. Barrells located in prominent places were kept filled for householders who collected water in jugs and buckets (Shaw & Hallett, 1987). It was over in a few moments and I climbed back to the concrete. Some of the bios below were taken from this site The official death toll was 256 people who died in the magnitude 7.8 earthquake but there are 258 names on the memorial and this unofficial number is likely to be correct - 161 in Napier Killing 256 people, It remains New Zealand's most deadliest natural disaster. The HMS Veronicahad just tied up in Napier’s inner harbour when the earthquake hit. We have 8 articles, related to Deadly Hawke's Bay earthquake. Together with Borough Council funds, the club contributed to the Sunbay, or seaward Colonnade, where the bell of the H.M.S. On the same day the army set up a tent camp for 2500 people. Small service lanes running "up the back of city blocks" (NCC 138) provided off-street loading zones and a location for "sewers and stormwater services" (ibid.). New Zealand's most devastating earthquake killed more than 250 and destroyed Napier and Hastings in February 1931. © Napier City Council - www.napier.govt.nz / +64 6 835 7579 / info@napier.govt.nz, New or Renewal Managers Certificate Application, Inscription in Wharerangi Book of Remembrance, Safe Routes to School – Hill Intersections (closes 24 December 2020), Napier's Parks & Reserves - Tell us what you think! Alvin looks at old sea shells that were once underwater before being uplifted during the 1931 Napier earthquake. April 8, 1931. Two naval cruisers arrived from Auckland on the 4th with medical personnel and supplies. 4. The official death toll was 256. Information contained has been assembled in good faith. It woke me up it was an alarm clock for Napier today." HAWKE'S BAY EARTHQUAKE TUESDAY 03 FEBRUARY 1931 NAPIER, HAWKE'S BAY, NEW ZEALAND. Number of people that died in napier. By March 1932, nineteen new shops in Hastings Street and Tennyson Street were ready for occupation. Meanwhile, fires started in two chemist shops on Hastings Street - those of W.R. Henderson and A. Hobson. "The replacement or re-establishment of public, private or government institutions or departments, businesses [and] industries street widening, town planning, building [locations and] architectural design" (Campbell, 1975:149). 1. When the Commissioners began the restoration of the CBD, they consulted the Napier Reconstruction Committee, an organisation with representatives from local authorities, business and the professions, whose job was to investigate numerous reconstruction needs. The Memorial Square structure incorporated the undamaged Women's Rest Rooms and almost surrounded the Cenotaph while, on Clive Square, the bandstand was likewise swallowed up (McGregor, 1998). The street with the most "outstanding example of movement" was Georges Drive (ibid.). Burials of the dead also began in both Napier and Hastings. Some of the greatest tragedies occurred as a result of collapsed masonry buildings - brick being the deadliest of materials in an earthquake - resulting in many deaths inside the Nurses' Home on the Hill, the 'old people's home', and the Technical College near Clive Square where 9 pupils were killed (H.B. From these shops the fire spread into adjoining buildings, and by mid afternoon, the town was completely ablaze. The Napier Earthquake Of 1931 The Napier Earthquake of 1931.Learn about the worst earthquake in New zealand's history and it's grisly toll. Just better. On the morning of 3 February 1931, the air 'had grown still and oppressive' and the sea was 'so calm and still' and a 'most peculiar colour', so much that everyone was talking about it (Wright, 2001). With Barton acting as chief administrator and town planner and Campbell in charge of engineering works, Napier would be under their control until the election of a new Borough Council on 15 May, 1933 (Campbell, 1975; McGregor, 1998). Bridges and railway lines were broken and bent. In Napier, the 60-year-old wooden courthouse (now Department of Conservation) on Marine Parade was pressed into service as a temporary morgue (Wright, 2001). On this calm Tuesday morning in Hawke's Bay, the region was rocked by a devastating 7.8 magnitude earthquake that violently shook for three minutes. Then, half a minute of calm and another violent shock with a downward movement, and more swaying and rocking (McGregor, 1998). The Army also arrived reaching Napier slightly before the Navy. The 7.8-magnitude quake was followed by fires which gutted central Napier. The city was rebuilt in art deco style – now a major tourist drawcard. The cities that were worst effected included Napier and Hastings. 3. No work was too dangerous for the "bluejackets". Fires were everywhere" (NZH 6/2/1931 quoted in Wright, 2001:77). All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. Opened at McLean Park by the Governor General, Lord Bledisloe, the carnival's events included band contests, processions, race meetings and bowling tournaments (Campbell, 1975). As all survey plans and land titles, held in the Lands and Survey Department, and owners' duplicates, held in bank vaults, had been destroyed in the earthquake / fire, a complete resurvey of Hawke's Bay was required (McGregor, 1998). Veronica was later installed. In Napier and Hastings food depots operated dispensing free meals (McGregor, 1998). Top: A view showing the cleared site of the well-known Masonic Hotel. This was exacerbated by summer drought conditions (McGregor, 1998). - Before and After). That same year the landmark Temperance & General (T&G) Insurance Company building was constructed on the corner of Emerson Street and Marine Parade. This site is produced by the History Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Almost 90 years on - the anniversary is February 3 - these survivors share their stories. On February 3, 1931, an earthquake centred near coastal Aropaoanui, 12km north of Napier, turned Hawkes Bay into a virtual war zone. In terms of loss of life (at least 256), it remains the worst civil disaster to have occurred in New Zealand. Aftershocks made such efforts dangerous, and some rescuers were killed or injured as more buildings collapsed. information or material is copyright to the respective provider. Captain Morgan at first thought there had been an explosion on the boat, but saw the wharf shaking and houses and other buildings crumbling down. NAPIER EARTHQUAKE 1931. The Borough Council set the ball rolling by dismantling the first row of its own buildings and shops in Memorial Square (Campbell, 1975). The M s 7.8 Hawke's Bay earthquake of 1931 February 3 (New Zealand local time) was felt throughout most of New Zealand andcaused extensive damage at Napier, Hastings, and throughout Hawke's Bay. EARTHQUAKE-SHATTERED NAPIER TO BE REBUILT: PHOTOGRAPHS TAKEN IN THE HAWKE’S BAY CAPITAL LAST WEEK. The noise was compared to that of 'an express train' (Wright, 2001). On 17 February, a moratorium was placed on the rebuilding of any business premises until further notice, in order to allow time for the rational planning of a new CBD for Napier (McGregor, 1998). At almost 10:47a.m. Food depots were set up in Napier at Carlyle Street school; the Hastings Street school; Miss Beharrell's school on Bluff Hill; on Napier Terrace and at Ahuriri. Within the Napier Borough it was noted that there was "no difficulty in the business area [and that] all new buildings [had] been erected on the proper places" (ibid.,17). Kitchens were set up at the Hastings Street, Marine Parade (for government officials only) and the Ahuriri Centres (Wright, 2001). Residential kerbside rubbish collections are changing. In Na… Power and telephone lines were also placed underground in a bid to improve the town's appearance (Campbell, 1975). The Earthquake. Another similar block, housing the Associated Banks, was built on the gardens adjacent to St Patrick's Church (McGregor, 1998). Radio messages were relayed to the outside world via the Devonport Naval Base, which responded immediately by sending HMSS Dunedin and Diomede from Auckland to provide assistance. Archival audio: Gordon Amner recalls the 1931 Hawkes Bay earthquake. As Napier's largest building it stood as a symbol, not only for the region's recovery from the earthquake but also from the great depression itself (Campbell, 1975; McGregor, 1998). Meet the NZHistory.net.nz team, Ruins of the Napier nurses’ home following the earthquake (Alexander Turnbull Library, 1/2-002952-F), New Zealand disasters timeline – New Zealand disasters timeline, Hawke's Bay earthquake images – New Zealand disasters timeline, Hawke's Bay's big shake - roadside stories – New Zealand disasters timeline, National Tobacco Company Building – 100 New Zealand Places, Hawke's Bay earthquake (Hastings District Libraries), New Zealand disasters: Napier earthquake (Chch City Libraries), Hawke's Bay earthquake (1966 encyclopaedia), Napier severely damaged by 1931 earthquake. … On February 3rd, 1931, Ruth McNab and the children . Two and a half minutes after the first shock it was over. - Before and After). Advertisement Advertise with NZME. The setting up of emergency services was greatly assisted by seamen from HMS Veronica, moored at West Quay at the time of the earthquake. In 1931 Napier and Hastings faced reconstruction after the massive earthquake. Shortly after 10.45am on Tuesday the 3rd February 1931 an earthquake measuring 7.9 on the Richter scale struck the Hawke's Bay area on the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand. The earthquake ultimately had some positive outcomes: the 2.7-m uplift drained much of Ahuriri Lagoon, making land available for farms, industry, housing and Napier Airport; and much of central Napier was rebuilt in an art deco style which would begin to attract tourists half a century later. Administered by the Lands Department, these "were designed to overcome difficulties about boundaries of properties which [had] been moved by the earthquake" (NCC, Report of Committee of Management: p.16). THE NAPIER EARTHQUAKE of 1931 with photos Napier 1931 Earthquake another list of names some with notes & bios. The act provided loans for companies (excepting national companies or those with head offices outside Hawke's Bay) and individuals, to assist them to rebuild. In some buildings the internal floors pulled free of the swaying walls, collapsing inward in a jumble of girders, wood and plaster. Shelley and Ursula stand in front of land that used to be a lagoon until it was uplifted during the 1931 Napier earthquake. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand This is an e… It wasn't until that afternoon that the fires finally died out and the destruction could be assessed (McGregor, 1998). 5. The morning of Tuesday, February 3rd 1931, dawned fine and bright at Napier. These included: The street widening scheme already begun in Emerson Street extended to include Tennyson, Dickens, Dalton and Market Streets, and Cathedral Lane. Douglas Robinson -1931 Napier Earthquake Memories. the earth heaved upwards and swayed (McGregor, 1998). Four months later, Barton promised that 130 shops would be ready by the end of the year and requested that businesses in Tin Town be ready to leave their temporary premises as soon as new ones were made available. The response was called 'a genuine triumph of organisation'. In the years leading up to the outbreak of WWII, the Napier Thirty Thousand Club played a leading role in the development of Marine Parade, raising funds for the Sound Shell, the outer Colonnade, the skating rink and the Memorial Arches. However, there are 258 names on the earthquake memorial in Napier. Land movement in many areas had rendered survey pegs meaningless, and consequently, new regulations under the Hawke's Bay Earthquake Act were gazetted on 23 June 1932. While every endeavour has been taken by the Napier City Council to ensure that the information on this website is (closes 28 February 2021), Public Notice of Application Resource Consent, Rates Remission for flood affected ratepayers. Ten days later, a huge 7.3 aftershock caused more damage. The 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake, also known as the Napier earthquake, occurred in New Zealand at 10:47 am on 3 February, killing 256 and devastating the Hawke's Bay region. The convoy was comprised of 4 officers and 27 men with 500 bell tents, 12,680 blankets, and equipment to set up a field kitchen able to cater for 1000 people in Nelson Park. At 10.47am, 85 years ago today (3 February 1931) a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck the bustling city of Napier, and surrounding areas, in Hawke's Bay. Letter from Frank Logan to Newcastle post the earthquake. 2. Consequently, many businessmen, already bound by heavy pre-quake mortgages found themselves unable to rebuild (McGregor, 1998). Portions of the information and material on this site, including data, pages, documents, online A huge piece of land that . Events Another witness, looking up Emerson Street the following morning, noted that all one could see "was a vast ruin, with people everywhere looking at the destruction. It lasted for 2 and a half minutes and measured 7.8 on the Richter scale. - Before and After). A Government loan of £10,000 provided for the building of 32 temporary business premises in Clive Square and 22 professional offices in Memorial Square (Shaw and Hallett, 1987). In the early 'thirties the whole country was in the grip of the Depression, with many people on the East Coast of the North Island affected by falling prices for agricultural exports. Roofs caved in on buildings that had large open internal areas, such as churches, libraries and theatres. Consequently, Napier's business district, from Tennyson Street to Dickens Street, was abandoned to the flames which, after destroying any remaining wooden structures, left the town looking like a bomb site (Wright, 2001). Buildings swayed violently, and their walls bulged and collapsed into the streets in avalanches of brick and masonry that crushed vehicles and people. In terms of loss of life (at least 256), it remains the worst civil disaster to have occurred in New Zealand. Erected "in record time", it was the first of the temporary buildings to appear in Napier after the earthquake (Campbell, 1975). On 4 February a planned evacuation began. 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake. Apparently she, along with the rest of the staff and customers, successfully evacuated the shop during or immediately after the first major shock. Clouds of choking white powdery dust rose into the air from crumbled mortar and shattered concrete (McGregor, 1998; Wright, 2001). In the early 'thirties the whole country was in the grip of the Depression, with many people on the East Coast of the North Island affected by falling prices for agricultural exports. As buildings began to disintegrate, many people fled outdoors into a lethal rain of chunks from ornate facades, parapets and cornices. In addition to these efforts, the officers and men of the NZ Naval Squadron also made a generous donation subscribing to a special relief fund in the amount of £530 (H.B. People ran down Fifteen died at an old men’s home near Taradale, where rescuers pulled a 91-year-old alive from the rubble three days later. These cover not just the earthquake but the fires which came shortly afterwards, the aftershocks, the notable buildings destroyed, the lives lost, the rescue work and the rebuilding effortinvolved. The investiture to Commander Morgan was made by the Governor-General in the evening following the Auckland Regatta in January 1932. At 7.00 a.m. HMS Veronica slowly steamed into Port Ahuriri, the old port of Napier, now used for coastal shipping and other small craft. Nine students died in the wreckage of Napier Technical College and seven at the Marist Seminary in Greenmeadows. Where did the incident happen beginning with 'N' The warships brought much needed doctors, nurses, and medical equipment, as well as 54 stretchers, 5 marquees, 34 tents, 400 naval blankets, 125 seamen's beds, 200 ground sheets, 80 shovels and 31 picks. Botanical Gardens and other Napier gardens, Marine Parade Outfall and Viewing Platform, Marewa Shopping Centre Safety Improvements, Tamatea/Parklands Controlled Water Area (CWA), Te Puawaitanga – Green Communities Together Fund, Support for homeowners affected by COVID-19, District Plan Review Discussion Documents. The Mayor of Palmerston North advised the newly formed Napier Citizens' Control Committee that his borough would house 5,000 in a relief centre. In Hastings, 17 people died when Roach’s department store collapsed, and eight when the front of the Grand Hotel fell into the main street. government agencies. Nevertheless, it gave me a feeling of insecurity and a peculiar sickening sensation which must be experienced to be understood. See more ideas about Earthquake, Hawke's bay, Bay. An edited sample only. On February 13th, 10 days later, there was a large 7.3 magnitude aftershock that contributed to the heavy damage in the region. It was a typical summer morning in this town noted for its long hours of sunshine. Some of the information available in this site is from the New Zealand Public domain and supplied by relevant 1931 Earthquake At 10:47am on 3 February 1931, the hands of the clock on the band rotunda in Napier stopped turning. Flames gutted almost 11 blocks of central Napier, killing people who were still trapped. Dec 12, 2013 - Highlights from the Photographic Collection of the 1931 Hawke's Bay Earthquake. The shock brought down … The napier earthquake is a big part of new zealands history being the largest disaster in new zealands history taking the lifes of 258 people living in napier and the sorounding areas at the time. 3 February They were not hurt. Transcript. A special reporter sent by the New Zealand Herald on the day of the earthquake reached Napier at night to find "a city of the dead, except for the glow of a land fire, and the lights of ships" (NZH quoted in Wright, 2001:83). When the earthquake, measuring 7.8 on the Richter scale, struck at 10.47 a.m., many buildings in central Napier and Hastings collapsed. The official toll for the Hawke's Bay earthquake was 256 dead (including 162 in Napier), 2 unaccounted for, and 400 hospitalised (McGregor, 1998). On 8 April The Hawke's Bay Earthquake Act was passed, providing statutory assistance to the region (Wright, 2001). Commander H. L. Morgan was informed on the King’s Birthday, June 3rd 1931, that he had been made a Companion of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, in recognition of his services at the Napier earthquake. The conditions were favourable for the spread of fire in that it was a hot, fine day following a dry spell of weather. The wind had also shifted from a westerly (off-shore) to an easterly which sent the flames roaring up Hastings Street towards the Hill (H.B. Cbd was the Market Reserve building, completed in December 1936 history and it grisly... And then by fire A. 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